压汞法和气体吸附法研究富有机质页岩孔隙特征

doi:10.7623/syxb201203011

石油学报 ›› 2012, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (3): 419-427.DOI: 10.7623/syxb201203011

压汞法和气体吸附法研究富有机质页岩孔隙特征

田　华　张水昌　柳少波　张　洪

中国石油勘探开发研究院　北京　100083

收稿日期:2011-11-19 修回日期:2012-02-12 出版日期:2012-05-25 发布日期:2012-07-20
通讯作者: 田　华
作者简介:田　华，男，1986年12月生，2009年获中国矿业大学学士学位，现为中国石油勘探开发研究院在读硕士研究生，主要从事页岩储层孔隙结构与吸附性研究。
基金资助:
国家重大科技专项“天然气生气机理、资源评价与战略选区”（2011ZX05007-001）、国家重点基础研究发展规划（973）项目“高丰度煤层气富集区形成机理”（2009CB219601）和中国石油天然气股份有限公司科技攻关项目“油气勘探新领域、新理论、新方法、新技术研究”（2011A-0203）资助。

Determination of organic-rich shale pore features by mercury injection and gas adsorption methods

TIAN Hua　ZHANG Shuichang　LIU Shaobo　ZHANG Hong

Received:2011-11-19 Revised:2012-02-12 Online:2012-05-25 Published:2012-07-20

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

页岩储层孔隙由宏观裂缝到微观纳米级孔隙构成，具有较低的孔隙度。为了对页岩孔隙进行有效分析，将页岩中的孔隙分为3类并分别运用相应的方法对其进行测定：①页岩中的微孔（<2 nm）应用CO₂低温吸附法（D-R方法）测定；②介孔（2~50 nm）应用N₂低温吸附法（BET理论）测定；③宏孔（>50 nm）应用高压压汞法测定，进而对孔隙分布进行全面分析。利用以上方法对中国典型海相和湖相页岩孔隙进行测定并分析孔隙发育控制因素后发现：①四川盆地海相页岩孔隙发育，其中牛蹄塘组、五峰组较好；②页岩中宏孔主要与矿物相关，微孔、介孔主要与有机质相关；③随着热演化程度升高，页岩中有机孔隙逐渐增大。

关键词: 页岩, 孔隙特征, 压汞法, 气体吸附法, 控制因素

Abstract:

The porosity of gas shale is comparatively low, commonly in a macropore to nano-scale range. In order to effectively assay pores of gas shale, mercury injection and gas adsorption methods were applied, respectively, to determining different porosity of organic-rich shale. The gas adsorption of carbon dioxide at 0℃ (D-R), capable of the access to the porosity as fine as 0.35 nm, was chosen to determine micropores (<2 nm). Mesopores (2~50 nnm) were determined using the nitrogen adsorption (at -196℃) method (BET theory) while macropores (>50 nm) measured with the high-pressure mercury injection method. Therefore, a combination of mercury-injection data with low-pressure nitrogen and carbon dioxide adsorption analyses can provide a more comprehensive assessment of different pore-size distributions. Characteristics of different pores in typical marine and lacustrine shales in China and their influencing factors were recognized by means of the above-mentioned approach as follows: ①pores are well developed in marine shales of the Sichuan Basin and the highest porosity is found in the Niutitang and Wufeng Formation shale; ②macropores in shales develop mostly related to minerals, while micro and mesopores develop mainly related to organic matter; ③with the increase of thermal maturity, organic pores in shales becomes gradually larger.

Key words: shale, pore feature, mercury-injection method, gas adsorption method;controlling fator

田　华　张水昌　柳少波　张　洪. 压汞法和气体吸附法研究富有机质页岩孔隙特征[J]. 石油学报, 2012, 33(3): 419-427.

TIAN Hua　ZHANG Shuichang　LIU Shaobo　ZHANG Hong. Determination of organic-rich shale pore features by mercury injection and gas adsorption methods[J]. Editorial office of ACTA PETROLEI SINICA, 2012, 33(3): 419-427.

参考文献

[1]韩建斌.页岩气藏中孔裂隙特征及其作用[J].内蒙古石油化工,2011,37(2):147-148.

Han Jianbin.Mechanism of presence and mode of fractures in shale gas[J].Inner Mongolia Petrochemical Industry,2011,37(2):147-148.

[2]张雪芬，陆现彩，张林晔，等.页岩气的赋存形式研究及其石油地质意义[J].地球科学进展,2010,25(6):597-604.

Zhang Xuefen，Lu Xiancai，Zhang Linye,et al.Occurrences of shale gas and their petroleum geological significance[J].Advances in Earth Science,2010,25(6):597-604.

[3]Chalmers G R L,Bustin R M.The organic matter distribution and methane capacity of the Lower Cretaceous strata of Northeastern British Columbia,Canada[J].International Journal of Coal Geology,2007,70(1/3):223-239.

[4]Loucks R G,Reed R M,Ruppel S C,et al.Morphology,genesis,and distribution of nanometer-scale pores in siliceous mudstones of the Mississippian Barnett shale[J].Journal of Sedimentary Research,2009,79:848-861.

[5]Hill R J,Etuan Zhang,Katz B J,et al.Modeling of gas generation from the Barnett Shale,Fort Worth Basin,Texas[J].AAPG Bulletin,2007,91(4):501-521.

[6]Bustin R M,Bustin A,Ross D,et al.Shale gas opportunities and challenges[R].San Antonio,Texas:AAPG Annual Convention,2008.

[7]Ross D J K,Bustin R M.The importance of shale composition and pore structure upon gas storage potential of shale gas reservoirs[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2009,26(6):916-927.

[8]杨侃，陆现彩，刘显东，等.基于探针气体吸附等温线的矿物材料表征技术：Ⅱ.多孔材料的孔隙结构[J].矿物岩石地球化学通报, 2006, 25(4):362-368.

Yang Kan,Lu Xiancai,Liu Xiandong,et al.Characterization technique Ⅱ of mineral material based on probe gas adsorption isotherm:nano-pore structure of porous material[J].Bulletin of Mineralogy ,Petrology and Geochemistry,2006,25(4):362-368.

[9]Chalmers G R L,Bustin R M.Lower Cretaceous gas shales in northeastern British Columbia,Part I:geological controls on methane sorption capacity[J].Bulletin of Canadian Petroleum Geology,2008,56(1):1-21.

[10]Rouquerol J,Avnir D,Fairbridge C W,et al.Recommendations for the characterization of porous solids[J].Pure & Applied Chemistry,1994,66(8):1739-1785.

[11]近藤精一，石川达雄，安部郁夫，等.吸附科学[M].李国希，译.北京：化学工业出版社，2010.

Seiichi Kondo,Tatsuo Ishikawa,Ikuo Abe,et al.Adsorption Science[M].Translated by Li Guoxi.Beijing:Chemical Industry Press,2010.

[12]谢晓永，唐洪明，王春华，等．氮气吸附法和压汞法在测试泥页岩孔径分布中的对比[J].天然气工业，2006,26(12):100-102．

Xie Xiaoyong,Tang Hongming,Wang Chunhua,et al.Contrast of nitrogen adsorption method and mercury porosimetry method in analysis of shale’s pore size distribution[J].Natural Gas Industry,2006,26(12):100-102．

[13]中国国家标准化管理委员会.GB/T 19587-2004 气体吸附BET法测定固态物质比表面积[S].北京：中国标准出版社，2004.

SAC.GB/T 19587-2004 Determination of the specific surface area of solids by gas adsorption using the BET method[S].Beijing:China Standards Publishing House,2004.

[14]赵志根，唐修义.低温氮吸附法测试煤中微孔隙及其意义[J].煤田地质与勘探，2001,29（5）:28-30.

Zhao Zhigen,Tang Xiuyi.Study of micropore in coal by low-temperature nitrogen adsorption method and its significance[J].Coal Geology & Exploration,2001,29（5）:28-30.

[15]张志，杜杰，宋宏志.低温氮气吸附法研究海绵钯比表面积和孔径分布[J].稀有金属，2011，35(3):411-416.

Zhang Zhi，Du Jie，Zhu Hongzhi. Surface area and pore distribution of sponge palladium by low temperature nitrogen adsorption method[J].Chinese Journal of Rare Metals,2011,35(3):411-416.

[16]刘培生.多孔材料孔径及孔径分布的测定方法[J].钛工业进展，2006,23（2）：29-34.

Liu Peisheng.Determining methods for aperture and aperture distribution of porous materials[J].Titanium Industry Progress，2006,23（2）：29-34.

[17]刘显东，陆现彩，侯庆锋，等.基于吸附等温线的表面分形研究及其地球科学应用[J].地球科学进展,2005,20(2):201-206.

Liu Xiandong,Lu Xiancai,Hou Qingfeng,et al.A feasible method for fractal study using gas adsorption isotherm and its application in earth sciences[J].Advances in Earth Science,2005, 20(2): 201-206.

[18]Curtis M E,Amebrose R J,Rai C S.Structural characterization of gas shales on the micro- and nano-scales[R].Calgary,Alberta,Canada:Canadian Unconventional Resources and International Petroleum Conference,2010.

[19]邹才能，陶士振，侯连华，等.非常规油气地质[M].北京：地质出版社，2011.

Zou Caineng,Tao Shizhen,Hou Lianhua,et al.Unconventional petroleum geology[M].Beijng:Geological Publishing House,2011.

[20]张金川，聂海宽，徐波，等.四川盆地页岩气成藏地质条件[J].天然气工业,2008,28(2):151-156.

Zhang Jinchuan,Nie Haikuan,Xu Bo,et al.Geological condition of shale gas accumulation in Sichuan Basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2008,28(2):151-156.

[21]聂海宽，唐玄，边瑞康.页岩气成藏控制因素及中国南方页岩气发育有利区预测[J].石油学报,2009,30(4):484-491.

Nie Haikuan,Tang Xuan,Bian Ruikang.Controlling factors for shale gas accumulation and prediction of potential development area in shale gas reservoir of South China[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2009,30(4):484-491.

[22]邹才能，董大忠，王社教，等.中国页岩气形成机理、地质特征及资源潜力[J].石油勘探与开发,2010,37(6):641-653.

Zou Caineng,Dong Dazhong,Wang Shejiao,et al.Geological characteristics,formation mechanism and resource potential of shale gas in China[J].Petroleum Exploration and Developmemt,2010,37(6):641-653.

[23]苏现波，林晓英.煤层气地质学[M].北京：煤炭工业出版社，2007.

Su Xianbo,Lin Xiaoying.Coalbed methane geology[M].Beijing:Coal Industry Press,2007.

[24]陈尚斌，朱炎铭，王红岩，等.中国页岩气研究现状与发展趋势[J].石油学报，2010,31(4):689-694.

Chen Shangbin,Zhu Yanming,Wang Hongyan,et al.Research status and trends of shale gas in China[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2010,31(4):689-694.

[25]陈尚斌，朱炎铭，王红岩，等.四川盆地南缘下志留统龙马溪组页岩气储层矿物成分特征及意义[J].石油学报,2011,32(5):775-782.

Chen Shangbin,Zhu Yanming,Wang Hongyan,et al.Characteristics and significance of mineral compositions of Lower Silurian Longmaxi Formation shale gas reservoir in the southern margin of Sichuan Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2011,32(5):775-782.

[26]蒲泊伶，蒋有录，王毅，等.四川盆地下志留统龙马溪组页岩气成藏条件及有利地区分析[J].石油学报,2010,31(2):225-230.

Pu Boling,Jiang Youlu,Wang Yi,et al.Reservoir-forming conditions and favorable exploration zones of shale gas in Lower Silurian Longmaxi Formation of Sichuan Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2010,31(2):225-230.

[27]张水昌，朱光有.四川盆地海相天然气富集成藏特征与勘探潜力[J].石油学报，2006,27（5）：1-8.

Zhang Shuichang,Zhu Guangyou.Gas accumulation characteristics and exploration potential of marine sediments in Sichuan Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica，2006,27（5）：1-8.

[28]聂海宽，张金川，李玉喜.四川盆地及其周缘下寒武统页岩气聚集条件[J].石油学报,2011,32(6):959-967.

Nie Haikuan,Zhang Jinchuan,Li Yuxi.Accumulation conditions of the Lower Cambrian shale gas in the Sichuan Basin and its periphery[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2011,32(6):959-967.

压汞法和气体吸附法研究富有机质页岩孔隙特征

Determination of organic-rich shale pore features by mercury injection and gas adsorption methods

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价

[1]	何文渊, 崔宝文, 张金友, 赵莹, 程心阳, 刘召, 刘鑫, 曾花森. 松辽盆地北部嫩江组中—低成熟页岩油地质特征及勘探突破[J]. 石油学报, 2024, 45(6): 900-913.
[2]	刘胜男, 朱如凯, 靳军, 张婧雅. 油气运移约束陆相页岩油富集——以准噶尔盆地吉木萨尔凹陷芦草沟组为例[J]. 石油学报, 2024, 45(6): 932-946.
[3]	王鑫, 蒙启安, 白云风, 张金友, 王民, 刘召, 孙先达, 李进步, 许承武, 徐亮, 邓仔晓, 吴艳, 卢双舫. 页岩储集性与含油性的毫米级精细评价及意义——以松辽盆地青山口组一段为例[J]. 石油学报, 2024, 45(6): 961-975.
[4]	解德录, 赵贤正, 金凤鸣, 蒲秀刚, 韩文中, 时战楠, 张伟, 董雄英. 沧东凹陷深湖亚相纹层状页岩成因及页岩油可动性影响因素[J]. 石油学报, 2024, 45(5): 804-816.
[5]	熊钰, 郭美娟, 王羚鸿, 吴道铭, 陈美华, 李明秋, 邓波, 张芮, 路俊刚, 曾德铭. 四川盆地侏罗系大安寨段页岩油特征及可动性评价[J]. 石油学报, 2024, 45(5): 817-843.
[6]	侯连华, 米敬奎, 罗霞, 于志超, 林森虎, 廖凤荣, 庞正炼, 赵忠英. 压力对页岩原位加热产出油气特征的影响——以鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系延长组7段3亚段页岩为例[J]. 石油学报, 2024, 45(4): 629-641.
[7]	杨勇, 张世明, 吕琦, 杜玉山, 李伟忠, 程紫燕, 吕晶, 刘祖鹏. 中国东部陆相断陷盆地中—低成熟度页岩油立体开发技术——以济阳坳陷古近系沙河街组为例[J]. 石油学报, 2024, 45(4): 672-682,697.
[8]	何永宏, 李桢, 樊建明, 张超, 张旭泽, 马兵. 鄂尔多斯盆地页岩油开发井网优化技术及实践——以庆城油田为例[J]. 石油学报, 2024, 45(4): 683-697.
[9]	梁兴, 单长安, 张磊, 罗瑀峰, 蒋立伟, 张介辉, 朱斗星, 舒红林, 李健. 四川盆地渝西地区大安深层页岩气田的勘探发现及成藏条件[J]. 石油学报, 2024, 45(3): 477-499.
[10]	惠沙沙, 庞雄奇, 谌卓恒, 王琛茜, 施砍园, 胡涛, 胡耀, 李敏, 梅术星, 黎茂稳. 四川盆地海相页岩孔隙类型对孔隙空间贡献定量表征[J]. 石油学报, 2024, 45(3): 531-547.
[11]	武晓光, 龙腾达, 黄中伟, 高文龙, 李根生, 谢紫霄, 杨芮, 鲁京松, 马金亮. 页岩油多岩性交互储层径向井穿层压裂裂缝扩展特征[J]. 石油学报, 2024, 45(3): 559-573,585.
[12]	宋兆杰, 邓森, 宋宜磊, 刘勇, 鲜成钢, 张江, 韩啸, 曹胜, 付兰清, 崔焕琦. 大庆油田古龙页岩油-CO₂高压相态及传质规律[J]. 石油学报, 2024, 45(2): 390-402.
[13]	吴宝成, 吴承美, 谭强, 褚艳杰, 梁成钢, 李文波, 张金风, 陈依伟, 徐田录, 王良哲. 准噶尔盆地吉木萨尔凹陷昌吉页岩油成藏条件及勘探开发关键技术[J]. 石油学报, 2024, 45(2): 437-460.
[14]	李乐, 胡远清, 彭小桂, 王伟, 余浩宇, 崔亚圣. 页岩气藏中硫化氢成因研究进展[J]. 石油学报, 2024, 45(2): 461-476.
[15]	宋永, 唐勇, 何文军, 龚德瑜, 晏奇, 陈棡, 单祥, 刘超威, 刘刚, 秦志军, 阿布力米提·依明, 尤新才, 任海姣, 白雨, 高岗. 准噶尔盆地油气勘探新领域、新类型及勘探潜力[J]. 石油学报, 2024, 45(1): 52-68.