石油学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (10): 1462-1479.DOI: 10.7623/syxb202410002

• 地质勘探 • 上一篇    

松辽盆地古龙凹陷青山口组页岩的岩浆热液作用证据

何文渊1,2, 白雪峰2, 王瑞2, 钟建华3,4,5, 孙宁亮3,4,6   

  1. 1. 中国石油国际勘探开发有限公司 北京 100034;
    2. 多资源协同陆相页岩油绿色开采全国重点实验室 黑龙江大庆 163712;
    3. 东北大学秦皇岛分校资源与材料学院 河北秦皇岛 066004;
    4. 海洋油气勘探国家工程研究中心 北京 100028;
    5. 中国石油大学(华东)地球科学与技术学院 山东青岛 266580;
    6. 东北大学海洋工程研究院 河北秦皇岛 066004
  • 收稿日期:2023-12-29 修回日期:2024-07-30 发布日期:2024-11-02
  • 通讯作者: 钟建华,男,1957年2月生,1993年获中国科学院长沙大地构造研究所博士学位,现为东北大学秦皇岛分校兼职教授,主要从事沉积学和构造地质学研究。Email:957576033@qq.com
  • 作者简介:何文渊,男,1974年10月生,2001年获北京大学博士学位,现为中国石油国际勘探开发有限公司总经理、教授级高级工程师,主要从事石油地质与勘探研究。Email:hewy@cnpc.com.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(No.42072138,No.41572088)、中国石油天然气股份有限公司科技重大专项“大庆古龙页岩油勘探开发理论与关键技术研究”(2021ZZ10)、黑龙江省“百千万”工程科技重大专项“松辽盆地北部古龙页岩油成藏条件及甜点分布规律研究”(2020ZX05A01)、河北省自然科学基金项目(D2024501002)和中央高校基本科研业务专项资金项目(N2423020)资助。

Evidence of magmatic hydrothermal action in the shale of Q ingshankou Formation of Gulong sag,Songliao Basin

He Wenyuan1,2, Bai Xuefeng2, Wang Rui2, Zhong Jianhua3,4,5, Sun Ningliang3,4,6   

  1. 1. China National Oil and Gas Exploration and Development Company Ltd., Beijing 100034, China;
    2. National Key Laboratory for Green Mining of Multi-resource Collaborative Continental Shale Oil, Heilongjiang Daqing 163712, China;
    3. School of Resources and Materials, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Hebei Qinhuangdao 066004, China;
    4. National Engineering Research Center of Offshore Oil and Gas Exploration, Beijing 100028, China;
    5. School of Geosciences, China University of Petroleum, Shandong Qingdao 266580, China;
    6. Ocean Engineering Research Institute, Northeastern University, Hebei Qinhuangdao 066004, China
  • Received:2023-12-29 Revised:2024-07-30 Published:2024-11-02

摘要: 为解释古龙凹陷青山口组在浅埋深(2 000~2 600 m)条件下轻质油的形成机理,通过背散射图像、能谱、稀土元素、碳-氧同位素和流体包裹体分析,以及岩心和岩石薄片观察,发现了古龙凹陷青山口组页岩油普遍遭受岩浆热液作用的证据,并对其进行了分析。岩浆热液作用的证据主要包括:① 页岩油储层中发现了与岩浆热液作用相关的黄铜矿、自然铜、闪锌矿及二硫化锌矿、辉银矿及硫化银矿、Fe-Cr-Ni-Ti及Ni-Fe-Mo合金、重晶石、氟磷灰石和氧化钛矿物等;② 在样品渗出油中检测到铌、钽、钨和汞等高温岩浆热液元素;③ 在遭受岩浆热液蚀变作用的岩心中,方解石脉中盐水包裹体高温段的均一温度为130.0~166.8 ℃,高于非热液蚀变岩心中方解石脉的正常温度(30~58 ℃);④ 碳-氧同位素及稀土元素分析均反映古龙凹陷青山口组页岩经受了岩浆热液作用;⑤ 在齐家—古龙凹陷北部的金X井和中部的英页Y井,岩心中均发现大量岩浆热液作用证据,包括“玻璃”、球粒、角岩、气孔和杏仁等构造。从区域上讲,古龙凹陷深部存在一个磁性异常、重力异 常和电性异常带,地震剖面也揭示古龙凹陷基底存在大面积连片岩浆热液带,其下正好有一个地垒,其两侧的正断层为岩浆热液上侵到青山口组页岩创造了条件。金X井钻遇岩墙状侵入体,岩心内发育强烈的岩浆热液蚀变现象。岩浆热液作用证据的发现对于研究古龙凹陷青山口组页岩的储集空间及页岩油的分布具有重要意义。

关键词: 岩浆热液作用, 热液矿物, 页岩油, 青山口组, 古龙凹陷

Abstract: To explain the formation mechanism of light oil in Qingshankou Formation of Gulong sag under the condition of shallow burial depth (2 000 m to 2 600 m), based on the analyses of back scattered images, energy spectra, rare earth elements, carbon and oxygen isotopes, fluid inclusions, as well as the observation of cores and thin sections, the evidence that the shale oil of Qingshankou Formation in Gulong sag was subjected to magmatic hydrothermal action was found and analyzed. The evidences of magmatic hydrothermal action mainly include as follows. (1) The minerals related to magmatic hydrothermal solution were discovered in shale oil reservoirs, including chalcopyrite, copper, pyrite, sphalerite and zinc disulfide, argentite and silver sulfide, Fe-Cr-Ni-Ti and Ni-Fe-Mo alloys, barite, fluorapatite, and titanium oxide. (2) High temperature magmatic hydrothermal solution elements such as Nb, Ta, W, and Hg were detected in the oil seeped out of the sample. (3) In the core subjected to magmatic hydrothermal alteration, the homogenization temperature for the high temperature section of the saline inclusions of calcite vein ranges from 130.0 ℃ to 166.8 ℃, which is higher than the normal temperature of calcite veins in non-hydrothermal altered cores (30 ℃ to 58 ℃). (4) The analysis results of carbon-oxygen isotopes and rare earth elements reflect that the Qingshankou Formation shale of Gulong sag has undergone magmatic hydrothermal action. (5) A large number of magmatic hydrothermal alteration phenomena were found in the cores of Well Jin X in the north and Well Yingye Y in the middle of Qijia-Gulong sag, including "glass", spherulite, hornfel, pore, almond structures. From a regional perspective, there is a magnetic anomaly, gravity anomaly and electrical anomaly zone in the deep part of Gulong sag. The seismic section reveals that there is a large area of continuous magmatic hydrothermal zone in the basement of Gulong sag, with a horst underneath. The normal faults on both sides of the horst create conditions for magmatic hydrothermal intrusion into the Qingshankou Formation shale. A dike-like intrusion was encountered during drilling the Well Jin X, and strong magmatic hydrothermal alteration was also found in the core samples. The discovery of the evidence of magmatic hydrothermal action is of great significance for studying the shale reservoir spaces and shale oil distribution in Qingshankou Formation of Gulong sag.

Key words: magmatic hydrothermal action, hydrothermal mineral, shale oil, Qingshankou Formation, Gulong sag

中图分类号: