全油气系统中的致密油气:成藏机理、富集规律与资源前景

doi:10.7623/syxb202501001

石油学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (1): 1-16,47.DOI: 10.7623/syxb202501001

全油气系统中的致密油气:成藏机理、富集规律与资源前景

贾承造^1,2, 姜林², 赵文²

1. 中国石油天然气集团有限公司北京 100007;
2. 中国石油勘探开发研究院北京 100083

收稿日期:2025-01-01 修回日期:2025-01-10 出版日期:2025-01-25 发布日期:2025-02-15
作者简介:贾承造,男,1948年3月生,1987年获南京大学博士学位,现为中国科学院院士、中国石油学会会士、《石油学报》编委会主任、《Petroleum Research》主编,长期从事构造地质学、石油地质学研究和油气勘探工作。Email:jiacz@petrochina.com.cn
基金资助:
中国石油天然气股份有限公司科学研究与技术开发项目"油气地质基础新理论新技术研究-01课题(全油气系统理论与非常规油气成藏机理)"(2021DJ0101)资助。

Tight oil and gas in Whole Petroleum System:accumulation mechanism, enrichment regularity,and resource prospect

Jia Chengzao^1,2, Jiang Lin², Zhao Wen²

1. China National Petroleum Corporation Limited, Beijing 100007, China;
2. PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, Beijing 100083, China

Received:2025-01-01 Revised:2025-01-10 Online:2025-01-25 Published:2025-02-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 全油气系统理论建立了统一的常规油气与非常规油气成藏机理、富集规律和地球动力学控制条件,致密油气是全油气系统的重要组成部分。通过回顾致密油气的发展历史,展望致密油气的资源前景,阐述中国典型致密油气藏的地质特征,从全油气系统理论的视角揭示了致密油气的成藏机理与富集规律。研究结果表明:①中国致密油气资源前景广阔、开发潜力巨大,并在勘探开发领域取得了较大成果,但未来仍面临着巨大挑战,包括地质理论、工程技术以及提高采收率技术等。②致密油气的储层物性处在常规油气与页岩油气之间,其成藏过程同样处在常规油气与页岩油气之间;致密储层内由孔喉组成的复杂毛细管网络是致密油气自封闭成藏的核心。③中国不同含油气盆地中的油气资源呈现出鲜明的差异富集的特点,鄂尔多斯盆地是一个超级致密油气富集盆地;4基于源-储耦合关系,可以将致密油气藏分为"远源型"、"近源型"和"源内型"。

关键词: 全油气系统, 致密油气, 自封闭成藏机理, 源-储耦合, 资源前景

Abstract: The Whole Petroleum System theory establishes the unified accumulation mechanism, enrichment regularity and geodynamic control conditions of conventional and unconventional oil and gas. Tight oil and gas are crucial components of the Whole Petroleum System. This paper reviews the development history of tight oil and gas, looks forward to the resource prospect of tight oil and gas, describes the geological characteristics of typical tight oil and gas reservoirs in China, and reveals the accumulation mechanism and enrichment regularity of tight oil and gas from the perspective of the Whole Petroleum System theory. The research results are as follows. (1) China’s tight oil and gas resources have broad prospects and great development potential, and great achievements have been made in the field of exploration and development, but there are still great challenges in the future, including geological theory, engineering technology and enhanced oil recovery technology. (2) Both physical property and accumulation process of tight oil and gas reservoir are between those of conventional oil-gas and shale oil-gas. The complex capillary network composed of pore throats within the tight reservoir is the key to the self-containment of tight oil and gas. (3) Oil and gas resources in different petroliferous basins in China show distinct differential enrichment characteristics. The Ordos Basin is a super tight oil and gas enrichment basin. (4) Based on the source-reservoir coupling relationship, tight oil and gas reservoirs can be classified into far-source type, near-source type, and intra-source type.

Key words: Whole Petroleum System, tight oil and gas, self-containment mechanism, source-reservoir coupling, resources prospect

中图分类号:

TE122.3

贾承造, 姜林, 赵文. 全油气系统中的致密油气:成藏机理、富集规律与资源前景[J]. 石油学报, 2025, 46(1): 1-16,47.

Jia Chengzao, Jiang Lin, Zhao Wen. Tight oil and gas in Whole Petroleum System:accumulation mechanism, enrichment regularity,and resource prospect[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2025, 46(1): 1-16,47.

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全油气系统中的致密油气:成藏机理、富集规律与资源前景

Tight oil and gas in Whole Petroleum System:accumulation mechanism, enrichment regularity,and resource prospect

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