挥发作用对C5—C8轻烃指标的影响：模拟实验证据

doi:10.7623/syxb201306004

石油学报 ›› 2013, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (6): 1060-1069.DOI: 10.7623/syxb201306004

挥发作用对C₅—C₈轻烃指标的影响：模拟实验证据

孙秀丽¹, 万永刚², 刘照伟³, 董钟骏⁴, 肖七林¹

1. 长江大学地球环境与水资源学院湖北武汉 430100;
2. 中国石油大港油田公司勘探开发研究院天津 300280;
3. 中国石油海外勘探开发公司北京 100034;
4. 中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司川西钻探分公司四川成都 610051

收稿日期:2013-04-10 修回日期:2013-07-02 出版日期:2013-11-25 发布日期:2013-10-13
通讯作者: 肖七林，男，1980年8月生，2003年获江汉石油学院学士学位，2009年获中国科学院广州地球化学研究所博士学位，现为长江大学地球环境与水资源学院副教授，主要从事石油与天然气地球化学与油气成藏科研与教学工作：Email：qilinxiao@cug.edu.cn
作者简介:孙秀丽，女，1984年8月生，2007年获鲁东大学学士学位，2010年获中国地质大学（武汉）硕士学位，现为长江大学地球环境与水资源学院助理实验师，主要从事油气成藏方面的科研和实验工作。Email：lilycug2009@qq.com
基金资助:
中国科学院广州地球化学研究所有机地球化学国家重点实验室开放课题（OGL-201208）和长江大学科研发展项目（23109009）资助。

Effects of natural evaporation on C₅-C₈ light hydrocarbon indicators：evidence from experimental results in the laboratory

SUN Xiuli¹, WAN Yonggang², LIU Zhaowei³, DONG Zhongjun⁴, XIAO Qilin¹

1. School of Earth Environments & Water Resources, Yangtze University, Wuhan 430100, China;
2. Research Institute of Exploration & Development, PetroChina Dagang Oilfield Company, Tianjin 300280, China;
3. PetroChina International Exploration & Development Company, Beijing 100034, China;
4. West Sichuang Drilling Company, CNPC Chuanqing Drilling Engineering Company Ltd., Chengdu 610051, China

Received:2013-04-10 Revised:2013-07-02 Online:2013-11-25 Published:2013-10-13

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

C₅—C₈轻烃指标在石油勘探开发中扮演着重要角色，然而其易挥发的自然属性导致C₅—C₈轻烃指标在实际应用过程中存在诸多不确定性。本研究利用塔中地区奥陶系海相凝析油在实验室内进行了原油挥发模拟实验，基于实验结果遴选和构建了受挥发作用影响较小的系列轻烃指标，具有较强的实用性。模拟实验结果显示挥发作用对C₅—C₈轻烃指标的影响程度受轻烃分子量和分子构型共同控制。nC₅—nC₈正构烷烃挥发量随正构烷烃碳数增加而逐步降低，不同分子构型C₇化合物挥发量由高到低依次为：C₇-支链烷烃>nC₇>甲基环己烷>甲苯，二甲基环戊烷挥发量则大体相当。正（异）构烷烃与环烷烃比值和挥发速率相近的相同分子构型轻烃比值受挥发作用影响相对较小。原油挥发过程中，残留液态原油内C₆—C₈轻烃单体稳定碳同位素组成随挥发量增加逐步富集¹³C，nC₆—nC₈正构烷烃稳定碳同位素组成变化程度随碳数增加逐渐降低。当C₆—C₈轻烃挥发量小于70% 时，C₆—C₈轻烃稳定碳同位素组成变化不大，当其挥发量大于70% 时，正构烷烃、异构烷烃和芳烃稳定碳同位素组成均产生1.0‰ 以上的较大变动，环烷烃稳定碳同位素组成则变化不大。受挥发作用影响较小的轻烃指标即正（异）构烷烃与环烷烃比值和环烷烃稳定碳同位素组成在塔中地区原油成熟度标定和原油类型划分方面取得了较为理想的应用效果，展现了良好的实用性和应用前景。

关键词: 轻烃, 挥发作用, 轻烃参数, 稳定碳同位素组成, 塔里木盆地

Abstract:

Light hydrocarbon indices of C₅-C₈ play an important role in petroleum exploration and exploitation, while a large number of uncertainties occur in their applications due to the volatile nature of crude oils. A simulation experiment on natural evaporation of a condensate sampled from Ordovician marine formations in the central area of the Tarim Basin was conducted in the laboratory. On the basis of experimental results, a series of light hydrocarbon indices were screened and refined in order to make them more resistant to natural evaporation and more functional in applications. The results indicated that impacts of natural evaporation on C₅-C₈ light hydrocarbon indices largely depend on both molecular weights and chemical structures of individual compounds. Evaporation amounts of C₅-C₈ normal alkanes decrease progressively with increase of carbon number, and those of C₇ compounds with different molecular configurations follow an descending order of isoheptane, n-heptane, methylcyclohexane and toluene, while dimethylcyclopentanes show an eguivalent amount of natural evaporation. In general, natural evaporation has a minor impact on the ratios of normal alkanes to cycloalkanes and isoalkanes to cycloalkanes, and so does on ratios of light hydrocarbons that have similar natural evaporation rates and identical molecular configurations. During oil evaporation, stable carbon isotopic compositions of individual C₆-C₈ compounds within liquid residues are progressively enriched in ¹³C with increasing evaporation, while the varying extent of carbon isotope ratios for C₆-C₈ normal alkanes decreases gradually with increase of carbon number. When an evaporative loss is less than 70%,δ¹³C values of C₆-C₈ normal alkanes show no much variations (<1.0‰ ); and when an evaporative loss exceeds over 70%,δ¹³C values of all normal alkanes, isoalk anes and light aromatics vary obviously (>1.0‰ ), with the exception of cycloalkanes whose δ¹³C value still changes a little (<1.0‰ ), this indicated that δ¹³C value of cycloalkanes can be used with confidence. Thus, some light hydrocarbon indices less affected by natural evaporation, such as ratios of normal alkanes to cycloalkanes and isoalkanes to cycloalkanes, and δ¹³C value of cycloalkanes, were applied successfully to maturity determination and type classification of crude oils in the central area of the Tarim Basin, demonstrating a good practicability and bright application future.

Key words: light hydrocarbons, natural evaporation, light hydrocarbon parameters, stable carbon isotopic composition

中图分类号:

TE122.2

孙秀丽, 万永刚, 刘照伟, 董钟骏, 肖七林. 挥发作用对C₅—C₈轻烃指标的影响：模拟实验证据[J]. 石油学报, 2013, 34(6): 1060-1069.

SUN Xiuli, WAN Yonggang, LIU Zhaowei, DONG Zhongjun, XIAO Qilin. Effects of natural evaporation on C₅-C₈ light hydrocarbon indicators：evidence from experimental results in the laboratory[J]. ACTA PETROLEI SINICA, 2013, 34(6): 1060-1069.

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挥发作用对C₅—C₈轻烃指标的影响：模拟实验证据

Effects of natural evaporation on C₅-C₈ light hydrocarbon indicators：evidence from experimental results in the laboratory

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