Abstract: Marine shale oil and gas in North America were commercially developed in the early 20th century, while the development of continental shale oil and gas in China is still in the exploratory stage, and most of them are distributed in lacustrine facies zone of deep basin. Based on summarizing the research progress of continental shale oil in China, focusing on the Paleogene shale oil in the Huanghua depression of Bohai Bay Basin as a typical example, and reviewing the exploration and development history of shale oil, this paper summarizes the theoretical achievements and technologies of shale oil obtained during exploration and development, analyzes the effectiveness and exploration potential of the current shale oil exploration and development, and makes clear the resource prospects of shale oil exploration and development in lacustrine facies zone of deep basin. The enrichment theory of "favorable tectonic facies and transcendence effect of retained hydrocarbon" reveals the structural characteristics of the dominant components of shale in lacustrine facies zone of deep basin as being high-density laminaed structure, high abundance organic matter, high felsic content and low clay content, clarifies the formation and enrichment regularity of shale oil, and establishes a shale oil enrichment model, laying a theoretical foundation and basis for the exploration and development of shale oil in lacustrine facies zone of deep basin. The calculation method of the mass oil content of residual movable resources in shale, the geological-seismic comprehensive evaluation method of the shale oil sweet spot, the fracturing technology of shale in lacustrine facies zone of deep basin, and the three-dimensional development technology of multiple sweet spots provide crucial technical supports for determining the quantity of shale oil resources, as well as deployment and efficient development of exploratory well. Benefiting from theoretical innovation and technological breakthroughs, the Member 2 of Kongdian Formation in the Cangdong sag, Huanghua depression has entered the stage of industrial development, with 46 drilled horizontal wells; the Member 3 of Shahejie Formation in the Qikou sag also has significant exploration results in the Qibei subsag. Horizontal wells such as Well QY10-1-1 and Well B56-1H have achieved breakthroughs in high and stable production. The shale oil in the Huanghua depression has great resource potential, production increase potential and cost reduction potential, which also indicates that China's shale oil resources have huge potential and broad prospects in lacustrine facies zone of deep basin.

Key words: lacustrine facies zone of deep basin, shale oil, Member 2 of Kongdian Formation, Member 3 of Shahejie Formation, Cangdong sag, Qikou sag, Huanghua depression, Bohai Bay Basin

摘要： 21世纪初期海相页岩油气在北美地区已实现商业性开发，而中国陆相页岩油气的发展整体尚处于探索阶段，且多分布于深盆湖相区。在综合中国陆相页岩油研究进展的基础上，以渤海湾盆地黄骅坳陷古近系页岩油为典型实例，通过回顾页岩油的勘探开发历程，总结了页岩油在勘探开发过程中取得的理论成果和技术，分析了当前页岩油勘探开发的成效和勘探潜力以及深盆湖相区页岩油勘探开发的资源前景。“优势组构相-滞留烃超越效应”富集理论揭示了深盆湖相区页岩具有“三高一低”（高频纹层结构、高有机质丰度、高长英质含量、低黏土含量）的优势组构特征，明确了页岩油的形成与富集规律，建立了页岩油的富集模式，为深盆湖相区页岩油的勘探开发奠定了理论基础与依据。页岩中滞留可动资源量的质量含油率计算方法、页岩油甜点体地质-地震综合评价方法、深盆湖相区页岩压裂改造技术和多甜点立体开发技术等为页岩油资源量的落实、井位部署及高效开发提供了重要技术支撑。得益于理论的创新及技术的突破，黄骅坳陷沧东凹陷孔店组二段进入了工业化开发阶段，完钻水平井达46口；歧口凹陷沙河街组三段在歧北次凹也取得了明显的勘探成效，QY10-1-1井、B56-1H井等水平井获高产稳产突破。黄骅坳陷页岩油在资源潜力、提产潜力及降本潜力方面均较大，也展示出中国深盆湖相区页岩油资源潜力巨大、前景广阔。

关键词: 深盆湖相区, 页岩油, 孔店组二段, 沙河街组三段, 沧东凹陷, 歧口凹陷, 黄骅坳陷, 渤海湾盆地